Biology and Scientific Research Practice Test

Large biomolecules made up of amino acids are referred to as proteins. Proteins are fundamental macromolecules in all living organisms and are crucial for a variety of biological functions. They are composed of long chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, which fold into specific three-dimensional shapes that determine their function.

Each protein's unique sequence of amino acids, determined by the genetic code, dictates its structure and function, allowing proteins to perform diverse roles such as catalyzing biochemical reactions (as enzymes), providing structural support (like collagen), facilitating communication (like hormones), and aiding in immune responses (such as antibodies).

In contrast, lipids consist of fats and oils, carbohydrates are primarily composed of sugars, and nucleotides serve as the building blocks for nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. These distinct groups of biomolecules serve different functions but do not directly involve amino acids in their structures. Thus, the specific association of amino acids with protein formation makes this the correct answer.