A molecule that can exist in multiple structural forms due to different arrangements of atoms is called what?

The correct term for a molecule that can exist in multiple structural forms due to different arrangements of atoms is isomers. Isomers are compounds that share the same molecular formula but have different structures. This variability in arrangement leads to differences in chemical properties and reactivity, which is crucial for understanding molecular interactions in biology.

In contrast, homologs typically refer to genes or proteins that share a common ancestry, and they may not necessarily pertain to arrangements of atoms. Equilaterals generally describe geometric shapes with equal sides, unrelated to molecular structures. Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating units (monomers) and encompass a broader category, including various types of macromolecules, rather than focusing on the structural diversity of specific molecules. Thus, isomers accurately represent the concept of structural variation in chemical compounds.