What distinguishes saturated fats from unsaturated fats?

Saturated fats are characterized by the presence of no double bonds between the carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains. This lack of double bonds means that the chains can be packed closely together, leading to a higher probability that these fats will be solid at room temperature. This structural feature contrasts with unsaturated fats, which contain one or more double bonds that introduce kinks in the fatty acid chains, preventing tight packing and resulting in a liquid state at room temperature.

Understanding the structure of these fats is crucial for appreciating their properties and roles in biological systems. Saturated fats are commonly found in animal products and some plant oils, while unsaturated fats are often derived from plant sources, such as nuts and seeds. This distinction is important in the context of nutrition and health, as the consumption of saturated fats is linked to various health concerns, while unsaturated fats are generally considered to be healthier options.