What is the primary function of peripheral proteins?

Peripheral proteins are primarily involved in signaling and maintaining cell shape. These proteins are positioned on the inner or outer surfaces of the cell membrane, where they can interact with integral membrane proteins, lipids, and cytoskeletal elements. Their role in signaling is crucial because they often serve as enzymes or as part of signaling pathways, helping to transmit signals from outside the cell to the interior, thereby influencing cellular responses and behaviors.

Additionally, peripheral proteins contribute to maintaining the cell's structure by anchoring the cytoskeleton to the membrane. This structural role is vital for the overall integrity of cells and allows cells to maintain their shape, as well as facilitates movement and communication between cells. The involvement in signaling and structural support highlights their essential functions as they help coordinate cellular activities and ensure proper functioning within tissues.