What is the systematic approach to research that includes hypothesis formulation and experimentation?

The systematic approach to research that encompasses hypothesis formulation and experimentation is known as the Scientific Method. This method involves several key steps that guide researchers in exploring questions and solving problems. Initially, it requires a clear definition of a question or problem, followed by the formulation of a hypothesis, which is a testable prediction. Researchers then design and conduct experiments to collect data relevant to the hypothesis. The accumulated data is later analyzed to determine if it supports or refutes the initial hypothesis. This iterative process allows for adjustments and refinements to the hypothesis and experiments based on the findings.

In contrast, the other options do not encapsulate the comprehensive methodology that the Scientific Method represents. A Research Framework describes wider strategies and principles in conducting research but lacks the specificity of hypothesis-driven experimentation. Similarly, an Observation Technique focuses specifically on gathering information through observation rather than the formal process of hypothesis testing. Data Analysis Method pertains to the techniques used to interpret and process collected data after an experiment has been conducted, rather than the overall strategy for conducting research itself.